Tuesday, March 31, 2020

D20 handling Questions & Answers

D20 handling

1. What is the instrument name used for accurate measurement of IP?

Infra red spectro photometer.

2. How D20 vapour is recovered?

Dryer recovers D20 vapour.

3. What is the amount of D20 used in moderator?

140 tonnes.

4. Name the heavy water plants in India.

a. Nangal.
b. Kota.
c. Baroda.
d. Tuticorn.
e. Talcher.
f. Thal (under construction).
g. Hazira (under construction).
h. Malugum (under construction).

5. Define reactor grade and down graded D20.

Reactor grade D20: If the isotopic purity of a given D20 is more than or equal to
99.7% then the D20 is reactor grade D20.
Down grade D20: If the isotopic purity of a given D20 is less than 99.7% then the
D20 is downgraded.

6. What precautions should be taken while working in high tritium areas?

Use respirators, plastic suits, VP suits if concentration of tritium is very high. Avoid
getting hurt while working because tritium may go through the skin by sweat to the
blood. If by chance there is tritium intake in the body drink lots of fluids.

7. Why spillage of D20 is to be avoided?

Cost consideration: D20 very costly and very valuable. Cleaning of spillage also cost
and extra manpower to be deployed.
Tritium hazard: D20 contains tritium, which when spilled becomes tritiated vapour
and finds access through human body. Tritium is a radioactive material. It is a beta
emitter.

8. What is ice plugging?

If there is a need to repair a valve of D20 PHT system, there are no other valves to
shut of D20. So we use plastic bags on pipes and it has dry ice. Then liquid nitrogen
is poured inside the bag. Due to the low temperature the D20 inside pipeline
solidifies preventing any flow of D20 when valve is removed. This is called the ice
plugging.


9. Name the methods by which D20 leak can be detected.

a. By beetles.
b. D20 losses through stack monitoring.
c. Tritium monitoring.
d. In heat exchangers the leakage can be found by taking samples of process water
from all heat exchanges and counting the tritium activity.

10. Name the D20 recovery methods.

a. Manual mopping and vacuum cleaning.
b. Active drainage recovery.
c. Vacuum mopping recovery.
d. Dryers recovery.
e. Vapour recovery.

11. Name the features for reducing D20 leaks.

a. Reduce valves and fittings in the pipelines.
b. Use welded joints instead of flanged joint.


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