Mechanical equipment fundamentals Questions & Answers

Mechanical equipment fundamentals

1. Why feed valves are used?

Feed valves are used to prevent back flow.

2. What are the functions of a heat exchanger?

The function of heat exchanger is to transfer heat efficiently and economically
between two fluids. Heat is transferred from the fluid, which has higher temperature
to the fluid, which has lower temperature. The modes of heat transfer are,
a. Conduction – Heat transfer in solids by momentum of molecules.
b. Convection – Heat transfer in liquids by movement of molecules.
c. Radiation – Heat transfer by energy waves.
There are three types of flow in heat exchangers
a. Parallel flow.
b. Counter flow.
c. Transverse flow.

3. Why baffle plates are used in heat exchanger?

Baffle plates are used in heat exchanger so that the maximum heat can be transferred
and to avoid tube sagging.
4. How pumps are classified?
A. Centrifugal pumps – a. Single volute
b. Double volute
c. Diffuser type
d. Mixed flow
e. Axial flow
f. Turbine or regenerative type
B. Rotating pumps a. Screw type

b. Gear type
c. Vane type
C. Reciprocating pumps a. Piston
b. Plunger
c. Bucket

5. What you mean by cavitation and NPSH?

Cavitation: Bubbles form in the liquids whenever there is pressure reduction inside
the pump. These bubbles collapse when they approach high-pressure areas damaging
pump internals. This is called the cavitation.
NPSH: Net Positive Suction Heat. It is the head available at the eye of the impeller
corrected to vapour pressure.

6. Name the functions of the valve?

a. ON and OFF service.
b. Throttling or regulating liquid flow.
c. Avoid back flow.
d. Regulating pressure.
e. Relieving pressure.

7. What are the advantages of butterfly valve?

a. Less holdup.
b. No support needed.
c. Any actuator can be used.
d. Quick opening and closing.
e. Less space required.
f. Used for low-pressure low temperature and large pipelines.

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